The Journal of Urology
Volume 184, Issue 2 , Pages 494-500 , August 2010

The Association Between Statin Use and the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in a Population Based Cohort

  • Rodney H. Breau

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
    • ,
  • R. Jeffrey Karnes

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
    • ,
  • Debra J. Jacobson

      Affiliations

    • Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
    • ,
  • Michaela E. McGree

      Affiliations

    • Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
    • ,
  • Steven J. Jacobsen

      Affiliations

    • Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Pasadena, California
    • Financial interest and/or other relationship with Kaiser Permanente and Merck.
    • ,
  • Ajay Nehra

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
    • Financial interest and/or other relationship with GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer and Sanofi-Aventis Medical.
    • ,
  • Michael M. Lieber

      Affiliations

    • Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
    • ,
  • Jennifer L. St. Sauver

      Affiliations

    • Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence and requests for reprints: Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, Minnesota 55901 (telephone: 507-538-1460; FAX: 507-284-1516)

Received 11 December 2009

References 

  1. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, et al. Cancer Statistics, 2009. CA Cancer J Clin. 2009;59:225
  2. Gomella LG, Johannes J, Trabulsi EJ. Current prostate cancer treatments: effect on quality of life. Urology. 2009;73:S28
  3. Demierre MF, Higgins PD, Gruber SB, et al. Statins and cancer prevention. Nat Rev Cancer. 2005;5:930
  4. Hoque A, Chen H, Xu XC. Statin induces apoptosis and cell growth arrest in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17:88
  5. Freeman MR, Solomon KR. Cholesterol and prostate cancer. J Cell Biochem. 2004;91:54
  6. Agalliu I, Salinas CA, Hansten PD, et al. Statin use and risk of prostate cancer: results from a population-based epidemiologic study. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;168:250
  7. Coogan PF, Rosenberg L, Palmer JR, et al. Statin use and the risk of breast and prostate cancer. Epidemiology. 2002;13:262
  8. Flick ED, Habel LA, Chan KA, et al. Statin use and risk of prostate cancer in the California Men's Health Study cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16:2218
  9. Friis S, Poulsen AH, Johnsen SP, et al. Cancer risk among statin users: a population-based cohort study. Int J Cancer. 2005;114:643
  10. Graaf MR, Beiderbeck AB, Egberts AC, et al. The risk of cancer in users of statins. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:2388
  11. Jacobs EJ, Rodriguez C, Bain EB, et al. Cholesterol-lowering drugs and advanced prostate cancer incidence in a large U.S. cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16:2213
  12. Kaye JA, Jick H. Statin use and cancer risk in the General Practice Research Database. Br J Cancer. 2004;90:635
  13. Murtola TJ, Tammela TL, Lahtela J, et al. Cholesterol-lowering drugs and prostate cancer risk: a population-based case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16:2226
  14. Platz EA, Leitzmann MF, Visvanathan K, et al. Statin drugs and risk of advanced prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98:1819
  15. Shannon J, Tewoderos S, Garzotto M, et al. Statins and prostate cancer risk: a case-control study. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;162:318
  16. Blais L, Desgagne A, LeLorier J. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors and the risk of cancer: a nested case-control study. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:2363
  17. Hamilton RJ, Goldberg KC, Platz EA, et al. The influence of statin medications on prostate-specific antigen levels. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100:1511
  18. Cyrus-David MS, Weinberg A, Thompson T, et al. The effect of statins on serum prostate specific antigen levels in a cohort of airline pilots: a preliminary report. J Urol. 2005;173:1923
  19. Jacobsen SJ, Guess HA, Panser L, et al. A population-based study of health care-seeking behavior for treatment of urinary symptoms (The Olmsted County Study of Urinary Symptoms and Health Status Among Men). Arch Fam Med. 1993;2:729
  20. Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Chute CG, et al. Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men (Establishment of age-specific reference ranges). JAMA. 1993;270:860
  21. Bonovas S, Filioussi K, Sitaras NM. Statin use and the risk of prostate cancer: a metaanalysis of 6 randomized clinical trials and 13 observational studies. Int J Cancer. 2008;123:899
  22. Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S, et al. Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS (Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study). JAMA. 1998;279:1615
  23. Lipid Study Group. Long-term effectiveness and safety of pravastatin in 9014 patients with coronary heart disease and average cholesterol concentrations: the LIPID trial follow-up. Lancet. 2002;359:1379
  24. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. The effects of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin on cause-specific mortality and on cancer incidence in 20,536 high-risk people: a randomised placebo-controlled trial [ISRCTN48489393]. BMC Med. 2005;3:6
  25. Serruys PW, de Feyter P, Macaya C, et al. Fluvastatin for prevention of cardiac events following successful first percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;287:3215
  26. Ford I, Murray H, Packard CJ, et al. Long-term follow-up of the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:1477
  27. Strandberg TE, Pyorala K, Cook TJ, et al. Mortality and incidence of cancer during 10-year follow-up of the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet. 2004;364:771
  28. Platz EA. Epidemiologic musing on statin drugs in the prevention of advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16:2175
  29. Gades NM, Jacobson DJ, McGree ME, et al. Dropout in a longitudinal, cohort study of urologic disease in community men. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2006;6:58
  30. Liberopoulos EN, Florentin M, Mikhailidis DP, et al. Compliance with lipid-lowering therapy and its impact on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2008;7:717

 Supported by the U.S. Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health (Grants DK58859, AR30582 and 1 UL1 RR024150-01) and Merck Research Laboratory.

 See Editorial on page 415.

PII: S0022-5347(10)03277-5

doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.03.149

The Journal of Urology
Volume 184, Issue 2 , Pages 494-500 , August 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution