The Journal of Urology
Volume 183, Issue 6 , Pages 2128-2136 , June 2010

Urological Surgery and Antiplatelet Drugs After Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Accidents

  • Daniel Eberli

      Affiliations

    • Urology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence: Urology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, CH-8091 Zürich, Switzerland (telephone: +41-44-255-9616; FAX: +41-44-255-4566)
    • Nothing to disclose.
  • ,
  • Pierre-Guy Chassot

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biology and Medicine, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
    • Nothing to disclose.
  • ,
  • Tullio Sulser

      Affiliations

    • Urology Clinic, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
    • Nothing to disclose.
  • ,
  • Charles Marc Samama

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hotel-Dieu University Hospital, Paris, France
    • Nothing to disclose.
  • ,
  • Jean Mantz

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Beaujon & Louis Mourier University Hospitals, Clichy, France
    • Nothing to disclose.
  • ,
  • Alain Delabays

      Affiliations

    • Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
    • Nothing to disclose.
  • ,
  • Donat R. Spahn

      Affiliations

    • Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
    • Financial interest and/or other relationship with Abbot, Alliance Pharmaceutical Corp., AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Behring, Fresenius, Galencia, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Novo Nordisk, Octapharma, Organon, Pentapharm, Roche Pharma and Schering-Plough International.

Received 26 August 2009

References 

  1. Jones JS. Urologists: be aware of significant risks to stopping anticoagulants in patients with drug-eluting coronary stents. BJU Int. 2007;99:1330
  2. de Korte FI, van Werkum JW, Vijverberg PL, et al. Late coronary stent thrombosis complicating urologic surgery. Eur Urol. 2008;54:221
  3. Antithrombotic Trialist's Collaboration. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. BMJ. 2002;324:71
  4. Mehta SR, Yusuf S, Peters RJ, et al. Effects of pretreatment with clopidogrel and aspirin followed by long-term therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the PCI-CURE study. Lancet. 2001;358:527
  5. Eisenstein EL, Anstrom KJ, Kong DF, et al. Clopidogrel use and long-term clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stent implantation. JAMA. 2007;297:159
  6. Iakovou I, Schmidt T, Bonizzoni E, et al. Incidence, predictors, and outcome of thrombosis after successful implantation of drug-eluting stents. JAMA. 2005;293:2126
  7. Collet JP, Montalescot G, Blanchet B, et al. Impact of prior use or recent withdrawal of oral antiplatelet agents on acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2004;110:2361
  8. Biondi-Zoccai GG, Lotrionte M, Agostoni P, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis on the hazards of discontinuing or not adhering to aspirin among 50,279 patients at risk for coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2667
  9. Maulaz AB, Bezerra DC, Michel P, et al. Effect of discontinuing aspirin therapy on the risk of brain ischemic stroke. Arch Neurol. 2005;62:1217
  10. Grines CL, Bonow RO, Casey DE, et al. Prevention of premature discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery stents: a science advisory from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, American College of Surgeons, and American Dental Association, with representation from the American College of Physicians. Circulation. 2007;115:813
  11. Fleisher LA, Beckman JA, Brown KA, et al. ACC/AHA 2007 guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for noncardiac surgery: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2002 Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac Surgery). Anesth Analg. 2008;106:685
  12. Practice alert for the perioperative management of patients with coronary stents: a report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Committee on Standards and Practice Parameters. Anesthesiology. 2009;110:22
  13. Joner M, Finn AV, Farb A, et al. Pathology of drug-eluting stents in humans: delayed healing and late thrombotic risk. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:193
  14. Sharma AK, Ajani AE, Hamwi SM, et al. Major noncardiac surgery following coronary stenting: when is it safe to operate?. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2004;63:141
  15. Wilson SH, Fasseas P, Orford JL, et al. Clinical outcome of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery in the two months following coronary stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42:234
  16. Nutall GA, Brown MJ, Stombaugh JW, et al. Time and cardiac risk of surgery after bare-metal stent percutaneous coronary intervention. Anesthesiology. 2008;109:588
  17. Rabbitts JA, Nutall GA, Brown MJ, et al. Cardiac risk of noncardiac surgery after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents. Anesthesiology. 2008;109:596
  18. Diener HC, Bogousslavsky J, Brass LM, et al. Aspirin and clopidogrel compared with clopidogrel alone after recent ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack in high-risk patients (MATCH): randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364:331
  19. ESPRIT Study GroupHalkes PH, van Gijn , et al. Aspirin plus dipyridamole versus aspirin alone after cerebral ischaemia of arterial origin (ESPRIT): randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2006;367:1665
  20. Schouten O, van Domburg RT, Bax JJ, et al. Noncardiac surgery after coronary stenting: early surgery and interruption of antiplatelet therapy are associated with an increase in major adverse cardiac events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:122
  21. Herget EJ, Saliken JC, Donnelly BJ, et al. Transrectal ultra-sound-guided biopsy of the prostate: relation between ASA use and bleeding complications. Can Assoc Radiol J. 1999;50:173
  22. Giannarini G, Mogorovich A, Valent F, et al. Continuing or discontinuing low-dose aspirin before transrectal prostate biopsy: results of a prospective randomized trial. Urology. 2007;70:501
  23. Maan Z, Cutting CW, Patel U, et al. Morbidity of transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsies in patients after the continued use of low-dose aspirin. BJU Int. 2003;91:798
  24. Halliwell OT, Yadegafar G, Lane C, et al. Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: aspirin increases the incidence of minor bleeding complications. Clin Radiol. 2008;63:557
  25. Turna B, Stein RJ, Smaldone MC, et al. Safety and efficacy of flexible ureterorenoscopy and holmium: YAG lithotripsy for intrarenal stones in anticoagulated cases. J Urol. 2008;179:1415
  26. Thurston AV, Briant SL. Aspirin and post-prostatectomy haemorrhage. Br J Urol. 1993;71:574
  27. Wierød FS, Frandsen NJ, Jacobsen JD, et al. Risk of haemorrhage from transurethral prostatectomy in acetylsalicylic acid and NSAID-treated patients. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1998;32:120
  28. Gordon NS. Catheter-free same day surgery transurethral resection of the prostate. J Urol. 1998;160:1709
  29. Ala-Opas MY, Grönlund SS. Blood loss in long-term aspirin users undergoing transurethral prostatectomy. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1996;30:203
  30. Nielsen JD, Holm-Nielsen A, Jespersen J, et al. The effect of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid on bleeding after transurethral prostatectomy—a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2000;34:194
  31. Ehrlich Y, Yossepowitch O, Margel D, et al. Early initiation of aspirin after prostate and transurethral bladder surgeries is not associated with increased incidence of postoperative bleeding: a prospective, randomized trial. J Urol. 2007;178:524
  32. Sandhu JS, Ng CK, Gonzales RR, et al. Photoselective laser vaporisation prostatectomy in men receiving anticoagulants. J Endourol. 2005;19:1196
  33. Hakimi AA, Blitstein J, Feder M, et al. Direct comparison of surgical and functional outcomes of robotic-assisted versus pure laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: single-surgeon experience. Urology. 2009;73:119
  34. Patel VR, Palmer KJ, Coughlin G, et al. Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: perioperative outcomes of 1500 cases. J Endourol. 2008;22:2299
  35. Rocco B, Matei DV, Melegari S, et al. Robotic vs open prostatectomy in a laparoscopically naive centre: a matched-pair analysis. BJU Int. 2009;Epub ahead of print
  36. Burger W, Chemnitius JM, Kneissl GD, et al. Low dose aspirin for secondary cardiovascular prevention - cardiovascular risks after its preoperative withdrawal versus bleeding risks with its continuation - review and meta-analysis. J Intern Med. 2005;257:399
  37. Chapman TW, Bowley DM, Lambert AW, et al. Haemorrhage associated with combined clopidogrel and aspirin therapy. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2001;22:478
  38. Moore M, Power M. Perioperative hemorrhage and combined clopidogrel and aspirin therapy. Anesthesiology. 2004;101:792
  39. Ernst A, Eberhardt R, Wahidi M, et al. Effect of routine clopidogrel use on bleeding complications after transbronchial biopsy in humans. Chest. 2006;129:734
  40. Chassot PG, Delabays A, Spahn DR. Perioperative antiplatelet therapy: the case for continuing therapy in patients at risk of myocardial infarction. Br J Anaesth. 2007;99:316
  41. Michlig C, Vu DH, Wasserfallen JB, et al. Three years of haemovigilance in a general university hospital. Transfus Med. 2003;13:63
  42. Surgenor SD, Kramer RS, Olmstead EM, et al. The association of perioperative red blood cell transfusions and decreased long-term survival after cardiac surgery. Anesth Analg. 2009;108:1741
  43. Eisenberg MJ, Richard PR, Libersan D, et al. Safety of short-term discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy in patients with drug-eluting stents. Circulation. 2009;119:1634
  44. Broad L, Lee T, Conroy M, et al. Successful management of patients with a drug-eluting coronary stent presenting for elective, non-cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth. 2007;98:19
  45. Park SJ, Oh IY, Kim KH, et al. Minimal withdrawal of dual antiplatelet agents under the guidance of a point-of-care platelet activity assay early after drug-eluting stent implantation for surgical removal of renal cell carcinoma. Int J Cardiol. 2009;Epub ahead of print
  46. Chassot PG, Delabays A, Spahn DR. Perioperative use of anti-platelet drugs. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2007;21:241
  47. Berger PB, Bellot V, Bell MR, et al. An immediate invasive strategy for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction early after noncardiac surgery. Am J Cardiol. 2001;87:1100
  48. McFalls EO, Ward HB, Moritz TE, et al. Coronary-artery revascularization before elective major vascular surgery. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2795
  49. Poldermans D, Schouten O, Vidakovic R, et al. A clinical randomized trial to evaluate the safety of a noninvasive approach in high-risk patients undergoing major vascular surgery: the DECREASE-V Pilot Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:1763
  50. Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, et al. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:2001

 Editor's Note: This article is the first of 5 published in this issue for which category 1 CME credits can be earned. Instructions for obtaining credits are given with the questions on pages 2474 and 2475.

PII: S0022-5347(10)02661-3

doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.2391

The Journal of Urology
Volume 183, Issue 6 , Pages 2128-2136 , June 2010