The Journal of Urology
Volume 181, Issue 5 , Pages 1989-1991 , May 2009

Exogenous Estrogen and Urinary Incontinence

References 

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  2. Long CY, Liu CM, Hsu SC, Chen YH, Wu CH, Tsai EM. A randomized comparative study of the effects of oral and topical estrogen therapy on the lower urinary tract of hysterectomized postmenopausal women. Fertil Steril. 2006;85:155
  3. Grady D, Brown JS, Vittinghoff E, Applegate W, Varner E, Snyder T. Postmenopausal hormones and incontinence: the Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;97:116
  4. Moehrer B, Hextall A, Jackson S. Oestrogens for urinary incontinence in women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;2:CD001405
  5. Hendrix SL, Cochrane BB, Nygaard IE, Handa VL, Barnabei VM, Iglesia C, et al. Effects of estrogen with and without progestin on urinary incontinence. JAMA. 2005;293:935
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  10. Iliadou A, Milsom I, Pedersen NL, Altman D. Risk of urinary incontinence symptoms in oral contraceptive users: a national cohort study from the Swedish Twin Register. Fertil Steril. 2008;Epub ahead of print
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  14. Sandvik H, Hunskaar S, Vanvik A, Bratt H, Seim A, Hermstad R. Diagnostic classification of female urinary incontinence: an epidemiological survey corrected for validity. J Clin Epidemiol. 1995;48:339
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  16. Albertazzi P, Sharma S. Urogenital effects of selective estrogen receptor modulators: a systematic review. Climacteric. 2005;8:214

PII: S0022-5347(09)00383-8

doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.02.047

The Journal of Urology
Volume 181, Issue 5 , Pages 1989-1991 , May 2009

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