The Journal of Urology
Volume 181, Issue 4 , Pages 1635-1641 , April 2009

A Multi-Institutional Evaluation of Active Surveillance for Low Risk Prostate Cancer

  • Scott E. Eggener

      Affiliations

    • University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
    • Recipient of a National Institutes of Health Ruth Kirchstein National Research Service Award (T32-CA82088-06)
    • ,
  • Alex Mueller

      Affiliations

    • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
    • ,
  • Ryan K. Berglund

      Affiliations

    • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
    • ,
  • Raj Ayyathurai

      Affiliations

    • University of Miami, Miami, Florida
    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Cindy Soloway

      Affiliations

    • University of Miami, Miami, Florida
    • ,
  • Mark S. Soloway

      Affiliations

    • University of Miami, Miami, Florida
    • Financial interest and/or other relationship with SpecTrum, Cell Genesys and GE Healthcare.
    • ,
  • Robert Abouassaly

      Affiliations

    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Eric A. Klein

      Affiliations

    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
    • ,
  • Steven J. Jones

      Affiliations

    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
    • Financial interest and/or other relationship with Pfizer, Cook, Abbott and Endocare.
    • ,
  • Chris Zappavigna

      Affiliations

    • University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    • ,
  • Larry Goldenberg

      Affiliations

    • University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
    • ,
  • Peter T. Scardino

      Affiliations

    • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
    • ,
  • James A. Eastham

      Affiliations

    • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
    • ,
  • Bertrand Guillonneau

      Affiliations

    • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence: Division of Urology, Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 353 East 68th St., New York, New York 10021 (telephone: 646-422-4406)

Received 25 August 2008

References 

  1. Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Hao Y, Xu J, Murray T, et al. Cancer statistics, 2008. CA Cancer J Clin. 2008;58:71
  2. Cooperberg MR, Broering JM, Kantoff PW, Carroll PR. Contemporary trends in low risk prostate cancer: risk assessment and treatment. J Urol. 2007;178:S14
  3. Roemeling S, Roobol MJ, Kattan MW, van derKwast TH, Steyerberg EW, Schroder FH. Nomogram use for the prediction of indolent prostate cancer: impact on screen-detected populations. Cancer. 2007;110:2218
  4. Warlick C, Trock BJ, Landis P, Epstein JI, Carter HB. Delayed versus immediate surgical intervention and prostate cancer outcome. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98:355
  5. Dall'Era MA, Cooperberg MR, Chan JM, Davies BJ, Albertsen PC, Klotz LH, et al. Active surveillance for early-stage prostate cancer: review of the current literature. Cancer. 2008;112:1650
  6. Eggener SE, Scardino PT, Carroll PR, Zelefsky MJ, Sartor O, Hricak H, et al. Focal therapy for localized prostate cancer: a critical appraisal of rationale and modalities. J Urol. 2007;178:2260
  7. Carter HB, Kettermann A, Warlick C, Metter EJ, Landis P, Walsh PC, et al. Expectant management of prostate cancer with curative intent: an update of the Johns Hopkins experience. J Urol. 2007;178:2359
  8. Klotz L. Active surveillance with selective delayed intervention: using natural history to guide treatment in good risk prostate cancer. J Urol. 2004;172:S48
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  10. Soloway MS, Soloway CT, Williams S, Ayyathurai R, Kava B, Manoharan M. Active surveillance; a reasonable management alternative for patients with prostate cancer: the Miami experience. BJU Int. 2008;101:165
  11. Stephenson AJ, Scardino PT, Eastham JA, Bianco FJ, Dotan ZA, Fearn PA, et al. Preoperative nomogram predicting the 10-year probability of prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98:715
  12. Hardie C, Parker C, Norman A, Eeles R, Horwich A, Huddart R, et al. Early outcomes of active surveillance for localized prostate cancer. BJU Int. 2005;95:956
  13. Miller DC, Gruber SB, Hollenbeck BK, Montie JE, Wei JT. Incidence of initial local therapy among men with lower-risk prostate cancer in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98:1134
  14. Berglund RK, Masterson TA, Vora KC, Eggener SE, Eastham JA, Guillonneau BD. Pathologic upgrading and upstaging with immediate repeat biopsy for patients eligible for active surveillance. J Urol. 2008;179(suppl.):51;abstract 144
  15. Sheridan TB, Carter HB, Wang W, Landis PB, Epstein JI. Change in prostate cancer grade over time in men followed expectantly for stage T1c disease. J Urol. 2008;179:901
  16. Draisma G, Boer R, Otto SJ, van derCruijsen IW, Damhuis RA, Schroder FH, et al. Lead times and overdetection due to prostate-specific antigen screening: estimates from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003;95:868
  17. Ito K, Yamamoto T, Miyakubo M, Takechi H, Ohi M, Shibata Y, et al. Lead time of prostate cancer detected in population based screening for prostate cancer in Japan. J Urol. 2007;178:1258
  18. Konety BR, Bird VY, Deorah S, Dahmoush L. Comparison of the incidence of latent prostate cancer detected at autopsy before and after the prostate specific antigen era. J Urol. 2005;174:1785
  19. van As NJ, Norman AR, Thomas K, Khoo VS, Thompson A, Huddart RA, et al. Predicting the probability of deferred radical treatment for localised prostate cancer managed by active surveillance. Eur Urol. 2008;54:1297
  20. Johansson JE, Andren O, Andersson SO, Dickman PW, Holmberg L, Magnuson A, et al. Natural history of early, localized prostate cancer. JAMA. 2004;291:2713

 Study received institutional review board approval.

 See Editorial on page 1534.

PII: S0022-5347(08)03272-2

doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.11.109

The Journal of Urology
Volume 181, Issue 4 , Pages 1635-1641 , April 2009

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