Untipped: An Endourologist’s Lament (with apologies to Pete Seeger)¹

References 

1. Seeger , Pete . “Where Have All the Flowers Gone?”. Fall River Music Inc. 1961;
2. Segura JW, Preminger GM, Assimos DG, Dretler SP, Kahn RI, Lingeman JE, et al. The American Urological Association Ureteral Stones Clinical Guidelines Panel summary report on the management of ureteral calculi. J Urol. 1997;158:1915
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3. Pearle MS, Nadler R, Bercowsky E, Chen C, Dunn M, Figenshau RS, et al. Prospective randomized trial comparing shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopy for management of distal ureteral calculi. J Urol. 2001;166:1255
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4. Pishchalnikov YA, Neucks JS, Von Der Harr RJ, Pishchalnikova IV, Williams JC, McAteer JA. Air pockets trapped during routine coupling in dry head lithotripsy can significantly decrease the delivery of shock wave energy. J Urol. 2006;176:706
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5. Sapozhnikov OA, Maxwell AD, MacConaghy B, Baily MR. A mechanistic analysis of stone fracture in lithotripsy. J Acoust Soc Am. 2007;121:1190
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6. Gladwell M. The Tipping Point. Massachusetts: Little Brown and Company; 2000;