Renal Cell Carcinoma: Histological Findings on Surgical Margins After Nephron Sparing Surgery

ABSTRACT 

Purpose

We evaluated the incidence of peritumoral satellite lesions in nephron sparing surgery and examined whether these findings have a negative effect on cancer specific survival and on the percent of local recurrence.

Materials and Methods

We performed nephron sparing surgery in 63 patients with kidney cancer, including 53 elective (group 1) and 10 imperative (group 2) operations. In all cases we removed 10 mm. of apparently healthy peritumoral parenchyma with the tumor. This tissue was subsequently examined by an anatomical pathologist to identify any satellite lesions.

Results

Four satellite lesions were identified, including 3 in group 1 and 1 in group 2, at a mean of 5.3 mm. from the primary lesion. None of the patients in either group had local recurrence at followup. Cancer specific survival was 96.3% in group 1 (mean followup 61 months) and 58% in group 2 (mean followup 39 months). It was not influenced by the presence of satellite micro-lesions.

Conclusions

Despite common perplexities concerning the risk of multifocality in renal cell carcinoma we believe that the nephron sparing procedure in select patients is as effective as radical surgery. Based on our experience the surgical safety margin must be at least 10 mm. of macroscopically healthy, peritumoral tissue.

Key Words:  kidney , carcinoma, renal cell , neoplasms, multiple primary